US-CERT Technical Cyber Security Alert TA09-020A -- Microsoft Windows Does Not Disable AutoRun Properly
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National Cyber Alert System
Technical Cyber Security Alert TA09-020A
Microsoft Windows Does Not Disable AutoRun Properly
Original release date: January 20, 2009
Last revised: --
Source: US-CERT
Systems Affected
* Microsoft Windows
Overview
Disabling AutoRun on Microsoft Windows systems can help prevent the
spread of malicious code. However, Microsoft's guidelines for
disabling AutoRun are not fully effective, which could be
considered a vulnerability.
I. Description
Microsoft Windows includes an AutoRun feature, which can
automatically run code when removable devices are connected to the
computer. AutoRun (and the closely related AutoPlay) can
unexpectedly cause arbitrary code execution in the following
situations:
* A removable device is connected to a computer. This includes, but
is not limited to, inserting a CD or DVD, connecting a USB or
Firewire device, or mapping a network drive. This connection can
result in code execution without any additional user interaction.
* A user clicks the drive icon for a removable device in Windows
Explorer. Rather than exploring the drive's contents, this action
can cause code execution.
* The user selects an option from the AutoPlay dialog that is
displayed when a removable device is connected. Malicious
software, such as W32.Downadup, is using AutoRun to
spread. Disabling AutoRun, as specified in the CERT/CC
Vulnerability Analysis blog, is an effective way of helping to
prevent the spread of malicious code.
The Autorun and NoDriveTypeAutorun registry values are both
ineffective for fully disabling AutoRun capabilities on Microsoft
Windows systems. Setting the Autorun registry value to 0 will not
prevent newly connected devices from automatically running code
specified in the Autorun.inf file. It will, however, disable Media
Change Notification (MCN) messages, which may prevent Windows from
detecting when a CD or DVD is changed. According to Microsoft,
setting the NoDriveTypeAutorun registry value to 0xFF "disables
Autoplay on all types of drives." Even with this value set, Windows
may execute arbitrary code when the user clicks the icon for the
device in Windows Explorer.
II. Impact
By placing an Autorun.inf file on a device, an attacker may be able
to automatically execute arbitrary code when the device is
connected to a Windows system. Code execution may also take place
when the user attempts to browse to the software location with
Windows Explorer.
III. Solution
Disable AutoRun in Microsoft Windows
To effectively disable AutoRun in Microsoft Windows, import the
following registry value:
REGEDIT4
[HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\IniFileMapping\Autorun.inf]
@="@SYS:DoesNotExist"
To import this value, perform the following steps:
* Copy the text
* Paste the text into Windows Notepad
* Save the file as autorun.reg
* Navigate to the file location
* Double-click the file to import it into the Windows registry
Microsoft Windows can also cache the AutoRun information from
mounted devices in the MountPoints2 registry key. We recommend
restarting Windows after making the registry change so that any
cached mount points are reinitialized in a way that ignores the
Autorun.inf file. Alternatively, the following registry key may be
deleted:
HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Explorer\MountPoints2
Once these changes have been made, all of the AutoRun code
execution scenarios described above will be mitigated because
Windows will no longer parse Autorun.inf files to determine which
actions to take. Further details are available in the
CERT/CC Vulnerability Analysis blog. Thanks to Nick Brown and Emin
Atac for providing the workaround.
IV. References
* The Dangers of Windows AutoRun -
<http://www.cert.org/blogs/vuls/2008/04/the_dangers_of_windows_autorun.html>
* US-CERT Vulnerability Note VU#889747 -
<http://www.kb.cert.org/vuls/id/889747>
* Nick Brown's blog: Memory stick worms -
<http://nick.brown.free.fr/blog/2007/10/memory-stick-worms>
* TR08-004 Disabling Autorun -
<http://www.publicsafety.gc.ca/prg/em/ccirc/2008/tr08-004-eng.aspx>
* How to Enable or Disable Automatically Running CD-ROMs -
<http://support.microsoft.com/kb/155217>
* NoDriveTypeAutoRun -
<http://www.microsoft.com/technet/prodtechnol/windows2000serv/reskit/regentry/91525.mspx>
* Autorun.inf Entries -
<http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/bb776823(VS.85).aspx>
* W32.Downadup -
<http://www.symantec.com/security_response/writeup.jsp?docid=2008-112203-2408-99>
* MS08-067 Worm, Downadup/Conflicker -
<http://www.f-secure.com/weblog/archives/00001576.html>
* Social Engineering Autoplay and Windows 7 -
<http://www.f-secure.com/weblog/archives/00001586.html>
____________________________________________________________________
The most recent version of this document can be found at:
<http://www.us-cert.gov/cas/techalerts/TA09-020A.html>
____________________________________________________________________
Feedback can be directed to US-CERT Technical Staff. Please send
email to <cert@cert.org> with "TA09-020A Feedback VU#889747" in
the subject.
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Produced 2009 by US-CERT, a government organization.
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Revision History
January 20, 2009: Initial release
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